By using this site, you agree to the Privacy Policy and Terms of Use.
Accept
SimplyForensic Dark SimplyForensic Dark Simplyforensic
  • Home
  • News Updates
    News Updates
    Keep up with the latest research news, updates & top news headlines in the field of Forensic Science.
    Show More
    Top News
    hero DNA mixtures new Simplyforensic
    NIST Publishes Review of DNA Mixture Interpretation Methods
    December 21, 2024
    photo 1532187863486 abf9dbad1b69 Simplyforensic
    Investigators looking for DNA Differences between identical twins
    October 16, 2022
    Towel With Blood In A Crime Scene 1 Towel With Blood In A Crime Scene 1 Simplyforensic
    Forensic Scientist Henry Lee Found Liable for Fabricating Evidence
    September 28, 2024
    Latest News
    Forensic Science News Roundup March 18, 2025
    March 19, 2025
    Bybit’s $1.4B Crypto Hack – How It Happened & What’s Next
    February 28, 2025
    Rapid DNA Evidence Now Approved for CODIS Searches
    February 13, 2025
    NIST Publishes Comprehensive Report on DNA Mixture Interpretation Methods
    December 29, 2024
  • Forensic Case Files
    Forensic Case FilesShow More
    John Toms 1784 Case Torn Newspaper Evidence and Historical Crime Scene Setup Historical crime scene with torn newspaper antique pistol and candle John Toms case 1784 Simplyforensic
    The John Toms Case: How a Torn Newspaper Revolutionized Forensic Science in 1784
    April 6, 2025
    Meerut Murder Case 1 Forensic experts inspecting cement filled drum hiding crime evidence in a residential setting Simplyforensic
    Meerut Murder Case: Forensic Insights into a Gruesome Betrayal
    March 23, 2025
    Dennis Rader the BTK Killer BTK Killer aka Dannis Rader Simplyforensic
    The BTK Killer’s Fatal Mistake: How a Floppy Disk Ended a 30-Year Manhunt
    March 22, 2025
    Enrique marti vampira raval barcelona Enriqueta Martí leading a child through Barcelonas shadowy Raval district symbolizing her double life and dark crimes Simplyforensic
    The Vampire of Barcelona: The Shocking Crimes of Enriqueta Martí
    March 21, 2025
    The Marianne Vasststra Mystery Simplyforensic
    Marianne Vaatstra’s Murder: The Case That Redefined Dutch Forensics
    March 12, 2025
  • Blog
  • More
    • Submission Manager
    • Write for Us
    • Education & Career Guidance
    • Research & Publications
    • Study Materials
Reading: Unlocking the Forensic Potential: Tongue Prints as a Revolutionary Biometric
Sign In
Font ResizerAa
SimplyforensicSimplyforensic
  • Home
  • News Updates
  • Forensic Case Files
  • Blog
  • More
Search
  • Home
  • News Updates
  • Forensic Case Files
  • Blog
  • More
    • Submission Manager
    • Write for Us
    • Education & Career Guidance
    • Research & Publications
    • Study Materials
New study reveals how blood back spatter can provide crucial clues in crime investigations New study reveals how blood back spatter can provide crucial clues in crime investigations Simplyforensic

New study reveals how blood back spatter can provide crucial clues in crime investigations.

Simplyforensic
Simplyforensic
April 28, 2023
FacebookLike
InstagramFollow
YoutubeSubscribe
TiktokFollow
Have an existing account? Sign In
  • About Us
  • Privacy Policy
  • Terms of Use
  • Disclaimer
  • Contact Us
© SimplyForensic
Unlocking the Forensic Potential Tongue Prints as a Revolutionary Biometric Unlocking the Forensic Potential Tongue Prints as a Revolutionary Biometric Simplyforensic
#image_title
Simplyforensic > Blog > Biometrics > Unlocking the Forensic Potential: Tongue Prints as a Revolutionary Biometric
Biometrics

Unlocking the Forensic Potential: Tongue Prints as a Revolutionary Biometric

Simplyforensic
Last updated: February 11, 2025 2:46 am
By Simplyforensic
Published: February 11, 2025
22 Min Read
Share
22 Min Read
SHARE

The Uniqueness of the Tongue: An Underrated Identifier

In forensic science, the pursuit of reliable biometric identification has expanded to include the study of tongue prints. Like fingerprintsFingerprint, impression made by the papillary ridges on the ends of the fingers and thumbs. Fingerprints afford an infallible means of personal identification, because the ridge arrangement on every finger of every human being is unique and does not alter with growth or age. Fingerprints serve to reveal an individual’s true identity despite personal denial, assumed names, or changes in personal appearance resulting from age, disease, plastic surgery, or accident. The practice of utilizing fingerprints as a means of identification, referred to as dactyloscopy, is an indispensable aid to modern law enforcement. More, the human tongue harbors unique characteristics—shape, color, and texture—that distinguish individuals, even among identical twins. This distinctiveness makes the tongue a promising tool for identification.

Contents
The Uniqueness of the Tongue: An Underrated IdentifierWhy Tongue Prints Matter: A Novel Biometric Authentication MethodThe Anatomy of Uniqueness: Exploring the Tongue’s Distinctive FeaturesClassification of Tongue Features: Understanding the Telltale SignsCapturing and Analyzing Tongue Prints: Methods and TechniquesThe Forensic Potential of Tongue PrintsExploring the Diverse Applications of Tongue PrintsChallenges in Adopting Tongue Prints: Overcoming ObstaclesSafeguarding Privacy and Ethical ConsiderationsThe Future of Tongue Prints: Embracing Innovation and Responsible ProgressConclusion

Often called the “Tongue of Life” in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), the tongue remains protected inside the body. It is shielded from environmental elements. This protection makes it a reliable biometric marker, especially when other identification methods are compromised.

Why Tongue Prints Matter: A Novel Biometric Authentication Method

As the demand for secure personal identification methods continues to grow, researchers have turned their attention to tongue prints. They see this as a promising biometric authenticationVerifying the identity of a user, process, or device, often as a prerequisite to allowing access to resources in an information system. More technique. Unlike fingerprints, which can be eroded or altered by external factors, tongue prints exhibit remarkable stability. This is due to the tongue’s internal location and physiological nature.

The search for a robust biometric system has explored various physical traits. These traits include fingerprints, iris scans, skin color, voice recognition, and facial recognition. However, each of these methods harbors its own limitations. These range from susceptibility to injuries and diseases to environmental influences and emotional states.

In contrast, tongue prints offer several advantages over traditional biometric systems:

  • Uniqueness: Every individual possesses a distinct tongue print. It is characterized by its shape, surface texture, and grooves, much like the uniqueness of fingerprints.
  • Internal Location: As an internal organ, the tongue is well-protected from external damage or wear. This protection ensures the preservation of its identifying features.
  • Stability: The physiological texture and shape of the tongue remain remarkably consistent throughout an individual’s life. This consistency provides a reliable biometric marker.
  • Proof of Life: The ability to protrude the tongue serves as a tangible indication of life. This is a crucial factor in forensic investigations.

The Anatomy of Uniqueness: Exploring the Tongue’s Distinctive Features

The tongue’s unique characteristics stem from its intricate anatomical structure and physiological functions. The tongue is a muscular organ covered by a specialized mucous membrane. It is adorned with numerous papillae. These are small protrusions that house taste buds and sensory receptors.

These papillae, along with the distribution of salivary glands, contribute to the formation of a distinctive surface pattern. This pattern varies from individual to individual. The tongue’s remarkable flexibility allows it to assume different shapes and contours. Yet its fundamental anatomical structure remains unchanged throughout a person’s life. This renders it a stable biometric identifier.

Human Tongue Diagram
Human Tongue Anatomy

Classification of Tongue Features: Understanding the Telltale Signs

Researchers have developed various classification systems to facilitate the identification and comparison of tongue prints. These systems categorize the distinctive features of the tongue’s surface. These classifications encompass elements such as:

  • Fissures: The presence, depth, and distribution of grooves or furrows on the tongue’s dorsal surface. These can range from single shallow fissures to multiple deep crevices.
  • Surface Texture: The overall texture of the tongue. This texture can be classified as smooth, cracked, fissured, or scrotal (resembling a scrotum).
  • Shape: The overall shape of the tongue includes ovoid, rectangular, triangular, square, or round forms. There are also specialized shapes like U-shaped or V-shaped tongues.
  • Tip Characteristics: The presence of unique features at the tongue’s tip, such as fibrous bands, mild clefts, or partial bifurcations.

These classifications not only aid in the systematic analysis of tongue prints but also reveal intriguing patterns of sexual dimorphism. For instance, studies have shown that certain tongue characteristics are more prevalent in females. These include scrotal or geographic tongues. Meanwhile, sharp or septate tongue tips are more common in males.

Capturing and Analyzing Tongue Prints: Methods and Techniques

Capturing tongue prints involves advanced techniques to ensure accuracy and preservation of the tongue’s unique features. Here are some of the methods used in forensic analysis:

More Read

Nighttime Crime Scene Investigation by CSI Team Crime Scene Investigators examining a nighttime crime scene with evidence markers and forensic tools Simplyforensic
The Crucial Role of a Crime Scene Investigator
Cadaver Study Reveals the Crucial Role of Ant Bites in Forensic Investigations
Crime Scene Documentation Mastery: Expert Techniques That Hold Up in Court
Forensic Photography: A Comprehensive Guide to Capturing the Truth
DNA Shedding Analysis Could Revolutionize Crime Scene
  • Alginate Impressions: One common method involves obtaining an alginate impression of the tongue. This is followed by the creation of a cast that accurately replicates its surface details.
  • Digital Photography and Videography: High-resolution images and videos capture the tongue’s geometric shape and surface textures. Advanced software algorithms are employed to correct variations in lighting or position.
  • Other Methods: Techniques such as sublingual vein analysis, ultrasound imaging, and even histological examination of the tongue’s tissue add depth to the analysis. They contribute to a multifaceted understanding.

The Forensic Potential of Tongue Prints

While the use of tongue prints in forensic investigations is still an emerging field, its potential applications are vast and promising. In cases where traditional identification methods, such as fingerprints or DNADNA, or Deoxyribonucleic Acid, is the genetic material found in cells, composed of a double helix structure. It serves as the genetic blueprint for all living organisms. More analysis, are unavailable, tongue prints could serve as a valuable alternative. These methods may also be compromised. While tongue prints hold significant promise as a novel identification method in forensic science, it is important to recognize their role. They serve as a complementary tool within the broader forensic toolkit. Forensic experts can enhance the reliability and accuracy of their investigations. They do this by integrating tongue print analysis with existing techniques. These techniques include fingerprint analysis, DNA profiling, and other established methods.

One potential application of tongue prints is in cases where traditional identification methods are compromised or rendered ineffective. In situations involving severely decomposed or burnt remains, fingerprint ridges may have deteriorated. DNA evidence can also be degraded. Tongue prints could provide a valuable alternative means of identification.

Additionally, in cases of sexual assault or violent crimes, the presence of a suspect’s tongue print on the victim or at the crime scene could serve as crucial evidence. This could corroborate other evidence. It could strengthen the overall case. It could potentially lead to more successful prosecutions.

It is important to note, however, that the use of tongue prints in forensic investigations should not be viewed as a standalone solution. It should be seen as a complementary tool to be used in conjunction with other established techniques. By combining multiple lines of evidence, forensic experts can build more robust cases. They can also build comprehensive cases. This ultimately enhances the pursuit of justice.

Exploring the Diverse Applications of Tongue Prints

While the primary focus of tongue print analysis has been in the field of forensic science, its applications extend far beyond the realm of criminal investigations. Biometric authentication is becoming increasingly prevalent. Tongue prints offer a promising alternative to traditional methods like fingerprints and iris scans. By combining tongue print analysis with other identification methods, forensic experts can strengthen the reliability and accuracy of their investigations.

One potential application lies in the field of biometric security systems, where tongue prints could be used as a means of access control in high-security environments. By leveraging the unique patterns of an individual’s tongue, these systems could provide an additional layer of protection against unauthorized access.

Furthermore, tongue prints could also play a role in personal identification scenarios, such as verifying identities in banking transactions or other sensitive activities. The stability and uniqueness of tongue prints make them a reliable biometric marker, offering an added layer of security in situations where traditional identification methods may be compromised.

Beyond these applications, the study of tongue prints has the potential to contribute to our understanding of human anatomy and physiology. By analyzing the patterns and variations in tongue prints, researchers may gain valuable insights into the development and function of this remarkable organ, potentially leading to advancements in fields such as medicine and evolutionary biology.

Challenges in Adopting Tongue Prints: Overcoming Obstacles

While promising, there are challenges to making tongue prints a widespread forensic tool:

  • Standardization: One of the primary obstacles is the lack of standardized imaging technique and comprehensive database for tongue recognition. As research in this field continues to evolve, consistent protocols and robust databases need to be developed. These developments will be crucial for accurate comparisons and identifications.
  • Temporary Conditions: The tongue’s structure is generally stable. However, temporary conditions such as illness, welling, or injury may effect its appearance, complicating the identification process. We need to address these variables. Developing advanced algorithms to account for them will be essential for ensuring the reliability of tongue print analysis.
  • Accessibility: Unlike fingerprints, collecting tongue prints requires the subject’s acctive cooperation, posing logistical challenges in forensic scenarios.

To overcome these challenges, interdisciplinary collaboration between experts in fields such as anatomy, biometrics, and forensics will be vital. Through concerted efforts and innovative approaches, researchers will develop standardized methodologies. They will create comprehensive databases and advanced analytical techniques. This will pave the way for the widespread adoption of tongue prints as a powerful forensic tool.

Safeguarding Privacy and Ethical Considerations

As with any emerging technology or identification method, the use of tongue prints in forensic science and biometric applications raises important ethical and privacy concerns that must be addressed. While tongue prints offer a unique and potentially valuable tool, their implementation must be accompanied by robust safeguards and ethical frameworks to protect individual privacy and prevent misuse.

One key consideration is the development of strict protocols and guidelines governing the collection, storage, and use of tongue print data. Clear policies should be established to ensure that this sensitive biometric information is handled with the utmost care and confidentiality, and that it is only accessible to authorized personnel for legitimate purposes.

Additionally, measures must be taken to prevent the unauthorized collection or misuse of tongue print data, which could potentially violate an individual’s privacy rights. This may involve implementing strong encryption and security measures, as well as establishing clear penalties for any unauthorized access or mishandling of this sensitive information.

Furthermore, it is crucial to engage in ongoing public dialogue and education efforts to raise awareness about the potential benefits and risks associated with tongue print technology. By fostering transparency and open communication, researchers and policymakers can help alleviate concerns and build trust among the general public.

Ultimately, the responsible and ethical implementation of tongue print technology in forensic science and biometric applications will require a delicate balance between leveraging its potential benefits and safeguarding individual privacy and civil liberties. Through thoughtful deliberation, collaboration, and the establishment of robust ethical frameworks, we can ensure that this promising technology is used in a manner that upholds the highest standards of integrity and respect for human rights.

The Future of Tongue Prints: Embracing Innovation and Responsible Progress

As the field of tongue print analysis continues to evolve, it is clear that the future holds both exciting possibilities and significant challenges. To fully realize the potential of this novel identification method, it is crucial to embrace innovation while also ensuring responsible progress and adherence to ethical principles.

One of the key areas of focus for future research will be the development of advanced imaging and analysis techniques. By leveraging cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and high-resolution imaging, researchers can enhance the accuracy and efficiency of tongue print recognition systems. Additionally, the integration of these technologies with existing biometric databases could pave the way for more comprehensive and robust identification solutions.

However, as these technological advancements unfold, it is imperative to prioritize privacy and security considerations. Robust data protection measures, stringent access controls, and transparent policies must be implemented to safeguard the sensitive biometric information of individuals and prevent any potential misuse or unauthorized access.

Furthermore, the future of tongue print analysis will likely involve increased collaboration and knowledge-sharing among researchers, forensic experts, law enforcement agencies, and policymakers. By fostering interdisciplinary partnerships and establishing standardized protocols, the field can overcome challenges related to data collection, analysis, and admissibility of evidence in legal proceedings.

As tongue print technology continues to gain traction, it will be essential to engage in ongoing public education and dialogue to address concerns and build trust among the general population. Transparent communication and open discussions will be crucial in ensuring the responsible and ethical implementation of this technology, while also highlighting its potential benefits for law enforcement and public safety.

Moreover, the integration of tongue print analysis with other forensic techniques and biometric modalities will be an important area of exploration. By combining multiple lines of evidence, forensic experts can enhance the reliability and accuracy of their investigations, ultimately contributing to the pursuit of justice and the protection of innocent individuals.

As we look towards the future, it is clear that the potential applications of tongue print technology extend beyond the realm of forensic science. The unique and stable nature of tongue prints could open doors to new frontiers in biometric authentication, access control, and personal identification systems. However, as these applications emerge, it will be paramount to maintain a steadfast commitment to ethical principles, privacy protection, and the responsible use of this powerful technology.

Ultimately, the future of tongue print analysis will be shaped by the collective efforts of researchers, policymakers, and stakeholders from various disciplines. By embracing innovation while upholding ethical standards, we can unlock the full potential of this remarkable identification method. We also need to foster collaboration. This ensures that it is utilized in a manner that respects individual rights and contributes to the greater good of society.

Conclusion

The exploration of tongue prints as a novel biometric and forensic tool has unveiled a fascinating realm of possibilities. This unique and intricate organ was once primarily associated with its vital functions of speech, taste, and digestion. Now, it has emerged as a potential game-changer in the field of personal identification and criminal investigations.

Through the tireless efforts of researchers and forensic experts, the distinctive patterns, textures, and shapes of the tongue have been meticulously studied and classified. This reveals a tapestry of individuality that rivals even the uniqueness of fingerprints. The depth of fissures and the distribution of papillae are unique. The overall contours and pigmentation tell a unique story about each individual.

As the field of tongue print analysis continues to evolve, it holds the promise of revolutionizing forensic investigations and biometric authentication systems. In cases where traditional identification methods are compromised or rendered ineffective, tongue prints could provide a valuable alternative. They offer crucial evidence and insights that may otherwise remain elusive.

However, as with any emerging technology, the responsible and ethical implementation of tongue print analysis is of paramount importance. Robust safeguards, stringent privacy protections, and transparent policies must be established. These measures ensure that this sensitive biometric information is handled with the utmost care and confidentiality. It is only accessible to authorized personnel for legitimate purposes.

The future of tongue print analysis will undoubtedly involve interdisciplinary collaboration. This collaboration will foster partnerships between researchers, forensic experts, law enforcement agencies, and policymakers. By combining expertise from diverse fields, such as anatomy, biometrics, computer science, and law, we can overcome challenges related to data collection. We can also address analysis and the admissibility of evidence in legal proceedings.

As we look towards the horizon, tongue print technology has potential applications. These applications extend far beyond the realm of forensic science. The unique and stable nature of tongue prints could open doors to new frontiers in biometric authentication. They could also help in access control and personal identification systems. This could revolutionize the way we approach security and identity verification.

Ultimately, the journey towards unlocking the full potential of tongue prints as a forensic and biometric tool will require a delicate balance. This balance is between innovation and responsible progress. By embracing cutting-edge technologies while upholding ethical principles, we can foster collaboration. This enables us to harness the power of this remarkable identification method. We must also ensure that it is used in a manner that respects individual rights. Thus, it contributes to the greater good of society.

More Read

Cheiloscopy Cheiloscopy Simplyforensic
Unlocking the Science of Cheiloscopy: Lip Prints Forensics
Crime Scene Investigation: A Comprehensive Guide
Unraveling the World of Poroscopy in Forensic Science
Mastering the 12 Critical Steps of Crime Scene Processing
UIDAI and IIT Bombay Partner to Create Touchless Fingerprint Biometric Capture System

What makes the tongue a unique biometric authentication method?

The tongue is a unique biometric authentication method due to its distinct characteristics such as color, shape, and surface features. Its internal location protects it from external factors, preserving its intrinsic features. Moreover, every individual possesses a distinct tongue print, characterized by its shape, surface texture, and grooves, much like the uniqueness of fingerprints.

How are tongue prints captured and analyzed?

Tongue prints are captured and analyzed using various techniques. One common method involves obtaining an alginate impression of the tongue, followed by the creation of a cast that replicates its surface details. Digital photography, videography, sublingual vein analysis, and ultrasound imaging are also used. Advanced software algorithms autocorrect for color, hue, and positional variations, enabling accurate comparisons against existing databases.

What are the potential applications of tongue prints in forensic investigations?

Tongue prints have potential applications in forensic investigations where traditional identification methods like fingerprints or DNA analysis are unavailable or compromised. For instance, in cases involving severely decomposed or burnt remains, or in cases of sexual assault or violent crimes, tongue prints could provide a valuable alternative. They also hold promise as a biometric security tool in high-security environments.

What are the challenges and future directions in the use of tongue prints in forensic science?

Challenges in the use of tongue prints in forensic science include the lack of standardized imaging techniques and databases for tongue print recognition, temporary conditions that may affect the tongue’s appearance, and the need for active participation from the individual to obtain tongue prints. Future directions include interdisciplinary collaboration, development of standardized methodologies, comprehensive databases, and advanced analytical techniques.


TAGGED:Biometric IdentificationCrime Scene Investigationforensic identificationTongue Prints
Share This Article
Facebook Copy Link
What do you think?
Love0
Sad0
Happy0
Sleepy0
Angry0
Dead0
Wink0
BySimplyforensic
Follow:
Forensic Analyst by Profession. With Simplyforensic.com striving to provide a one-stop-all-in-one platform with accessible, reliable, and media-rich content related to forensic science. Education background in B.Sc.Biotechnology and Master of Science in forensic science.
Previous Article close up of a footprint impression in dirt or sand with subtle marks and patterns close up of a footprint impression in dirt or sand with subtle marks and patterns Simplyforensic Forensic Podiatry: Unlocking Clues One Footstep at a Time
Next Article Cheiloscopy Cheiloscopy Simplyforensic Unlocking the Science of Cheiloscopy: Lip Prints Forensics
Leave a Comment Leave a Comment

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed.

DNA vs Fingerprints Comparing Forensic Identification Methods DNA vs Fingerprints Comparing Forensic Identification Methods Simplyforensic

DNA vs. Fingerprints: Which Is More Reliable in Court?

Simplyforensic
Simplyforensic
March 7, 2025
FacebookLike
InstagramFollow
YoutubeSubscribe
TelegramFollow

Trending

Forensic Bitemark Analysis in Court Trials: Insufficient Data Leading to Wrongful Convictions

Discover the alarming consequences of relying on forensic bitemark analysis in court trials. Insufficient data…

June 26, 2023

Forensic Psychology: Key Roles, Functions, and Path to Professional Practice

Discover the multifaceted roles of forensic psychologists within the legal and criminal justice systems, from…

March 31, 2024

New Method for Fingerprint Analysis Revolutionizes Forensic Investigations

Explore how a groundbreaking fingerprinting method using chemical imaging can enhance forensic investigations by distinguishing…

February 11, 2025
Crime Scene InvestigationHow It's Done

Uncover Hidden Bloodstains with Luminol

Luminol Forensic Blood Detection 1 Illustration of luminol spray bottle and magnified glowing bloodstain used in forensic detection Simplyforensic

Discover how Luminol to Detect bloodstain works in forensic investigations. Learn about this powerful chemical solution that makes invisible blood traces glow blue under UV light

Simplyforensic
May 3, 2025

Your may also like!

Ancient Bones Remains Ancient Bones Remains Simplyforensic
Branches of ForensicsForensic Archaeology

Forensic Archaeology Unveiled: Essential Methods for Crime Scene Investigation

Simplyforensic
February 12, 2025
Pioneering Craniofacial Superimposition For Objective Evidence Evaluation In Identifying Humans Pioneering Craniofacial Superimposition For Objective Evidence Evaluation In Identifying Humans Simplyforensic
Forensic Anthropology

Pioneering Craniofacial Superimposition: Objective Evidence Evaluation for Identifying Human

Simplyforensic
August 17, 2024
preview16 Simplyforensic
BiometricsBranches of ForensicsStudy MaterialsTopics & Articles

Biometrics

Simplyforensic
February 2, 2023
What is body odor biometrics  What is body odor biometrics  Simplyforensic
BiometricsStudy Materials

What is ‘body odor’ biometrics? 

Simplyforensic
April 23, 2023

Our website stores cookies on your computer. They allow us to remember you and help personalize your experience with our site.

Read our privacy policy for more information.

Quick Links

  • About Us
  • Privacy Policy
  • Terms of Use
  • Disclaimer
  • Contact Us
Contribute to Simply Forensic

Socials

Follow US
© 2025 SimplyForensic. All rights reserved.

Login

or
Create New Account
Lost password?
Welcome Back!

Sign in to your account

Username or Email Address
Password

Lost your password?

Not a member? Sign Up